The stratigraphic study of a work allows us to understand the succession of the different pictorial layers (preparatory layers, paint layers, varnish, etc.).
This technique makes it possible to identify the layers of which a painting is composed and their relative thickness, allowing for multiple observations on the characteristics of the different layers and therefore giving information relative to the execution technique and materials used.
Characterisation of these mineral and organic materials is carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman and infrared spectrometry, chromatography and microchemical tests.
These methods allow for comprehensive stratigraphic studies which include the characterisation of substrates, preparation layers, colouring materials, fillers, binders, etc.
Examination of stratigraphic layers can also be combined with indicator based chemical imaging such as Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry or Raman spectrometry.